Press



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R. W. FUNK PRESS Filed NOV 25. 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet P.

il ,l f I l L Rickard WFz'm/a L5 @Il/@Mums Patented duly 8, 1924.

RICHARD w. FUNK, or BnLLnFoN'rE, PENNSYLVANIA PRESS- Application filed November 25, 1919. Serial No. 340,582.

To all whom t may con-cern.'

Be it know-n that RroHARD 17V. FUNK, a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Bellefonte, cou-nty of Center, yState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Presses, of which the following is aspecification, ref erence being had to the accompanying draw ings, illustra-tive `of one particular embodiment of my invention. y

This invention involves the construction of presses such as are used for forging metals 'in which very high pressures are require-d to effect the working of the metal. 'In particular, my invention is adapted to provide a press in which eXtreme accuracy is assured and in Awhich Ythe exact movement of the pressing dies can be predetermined and such movement maintained uniformly without variation during long periods of operation.

Heretofore the deliveryof power to the moving heads or table supporting the dies, or one of them, has been'effected by means involving numerous .bearings and bearings which, owing to their character and ,arrangement, involve a large number 4of wearing surfaces with .consequent multiplying of the wear between the power-shaft and the ultimate deliver-y of the pressing force .of lthe die, so thatJ slack or leeway is invariable, and in constant operation of the press, rapidly increases to sueh an extent as to preclude accuracy of workmanship, or else it i brings about frequent necessary adjustments and extraordinary and dangerous pressures at certain parts Of the press- Y My invention provides for fovercoming these difliculties and enables me to .design presses with far greater accuracy than .heretofore and greater durability, with other advantages which will appear from the more ,detailed specification.

i One Vform of ,embodiment of my invention '1s shown in the accompanying drawings, 1n

which: n

Fllg- I 1S a Side elevation, fragmentary 1D section, Of-a Power pressy Fs- 11 is ,a vertical Section., at right angles to the operating shaft, as indicated by section ilne 1.2-2, Fig.

A heavy ,base A iS Supported Q1 a Sutf able ,heavyfoundation, vPreferehlv flush With the Shop 0r mill floor 1. Y TWO` .pillars B .QX-

.tend from the base A ,forming guide-bars and support the head C and act as tension parts for the stress strain, and carry at their upper end collars or `nuts B to engage the `top of the head C and resist the upward pressure on the head. Similarly, collars B2 serve to resist the upward strain between `the pillars and the base.

A moving head D has side walls D, `with bottom flanges D2 having holes thru which the pillars B pass, permitting the moving head Dto reciprocate underthe operation, Vas will now be described.

This underside of head D -is engaged by reciprocating pillow blocks E, E, having a true plane bearing surface normal to the axis of movement of the press. These pillow blocks -have on their opposite side or edge a part circular bear-ing formed to engage a cylindrical barrel `F eceentrically supported on the shaft G. This part F forms an eccentric on the shaftG, `but in the preferred form of press it does not involve any eccentric strap or block to provide for vmovement in opposite directions, having the engagement with the pillow blocks E, E on a portion only of its circumference 4in order to force these pillow yblocks in ,one direction the way a cam would actuate. The eccentric or cam can, therefore, best be termed a cylindrically mounted barrel. The shaft Gr is carried on bearings H and H', and'extends beyond H thru a clutch J, one part of which is slidably secured to the shaft by the. key J', and the shaft extends beyond the clutch vthru the hub of gear wheel 5K,

held by a collar against longitudinal movement on the shaft, but loose except when locked to drive the shaft by means of the clutch. A pinion L engages the teeth of `fthe gear wheel K, and this pinion is secured to a power shaft M, which car-ries adjacent to the pinion a fly-wheel N, while the power shaft is carried in suitable bearings 0-0 underneath and in fixedrelation to the -base A.

.As shown, suitable means for operating the vclutch and automatically unclutching may be provided. In the top yhead a .suitable. stripper may be provided to dislodge the work from the ,upper diewhich asshown comprises a plunger passing axially through the head operated byfa lever pivoted to the head with its opposite end connected Vby a vlink tothe moving head below, so that the drop of the moving Vhead 'D actuates Vthe lever through the link and operates the stripper after a predetermined retreat of the moving head D. In the lower moving head CTI or rising table D suitable means such as the release bar P maybe actuated by engagement with the stops Q, when the head approaches the end of its drop, causing the bar P, as shown in Fig. II, to engage and move the stud It, which passes through holes in the discs S and U and is suitably arranged to disengage the work. The discs engaging complementary recesses in the top of the head D and the bottom of the block T, positions the block for the purpose of definitely locating thel die for the operation of the machine. The disc U is for holding the lower die in place. Y

It will be seen that the pillow blocks E engage only part ofthe circumference of the eccentric or barrel F, so that all of the engaging surface is subject to the strain of pressure iii the operation of the press, whereby any wearing is substantially uniform and does not cause any looseness or affect the relation of the pillow blocksvwith their close and accurate fit on the surface of the barrel. Also the uppei sides of the pillow blocks extend laterally to an extent forming a surface relatively large or wide withrelation to the bearing of the blocks on the barrel, which reduces the unit pressure, thereby permitting ready lateral sliding of the blocks on the underside of the removable head, and also prevents the tendency to cant, consequently avoiding any wear which would gradually produce a curved surface.

VThe arrangement in general assures continued uniform accuracy ofthe bearing between the sliding surfaces.

As the pillars B-B form the guide-bars and at the same time the supports fortlie head C, and its sole connection to the base A, the moving head D is assured of guidance in most accurate relation to the head C, which still further avoids the chance of wear and inaccuracies cuinulatively developing with respect to the operating parts of the press.

Any desired pairs of dies are secured on the moving table and on the underside of the head C, respectively, the distance being properly adjusted so that the press operation or forging'is completed upon the maximum upward movement effected by the eccentrically mounted driving barrel F.

f It will be noted that the axis of the shaft G, as shown in Fig. II, is slightly off lthe central axis of the table anddies. When so disposed it is arranged to bring the maxivmum press strain approximately at the center of the working heads. V This is due to the working pressure being effective on the upstroke and the pressure and resistance occurs before the eccentrically mounted barrel passes'its major diameter, that is the pres- .sure strain occurs during a limited angular approach to the point of maximum eccentricity.

It will thus be seen that the'eiitire press is disposed so that it can be mounted flush with the floor and all the power supplied by shaft and gears underneath, except the one large gwnthereby leaving, in any event, three sides of the press al' the floor level entirely free and accessible to the operators. A suitable pit provides access underneath for lubrication, repair and other necessary attention. Y g

In particular, theactuation of the moving head is effected by a true surface bearing of the barrel with one side of the pillow blocks E, E, the upper Vside lof which has a true bearing of large surface so that the strain involved in very heavy press work is distributed over a large working surface at the crucial time of maximum strains. This minimizes the wear on unit area, and therefore maintains the most extreme accuracy in predetermining the lift or rise of the lower working die. Furthermore, any wear, even afterextended use, may be adjusted by any suitable means,-but the entire press will in no event be subject to'any lost motion, such as is invariably the case whe-re connectingrod, crank and pins areinvolved orwhere a plurality of surfaces under great unit pressure strain are interposed between the source of power and the die or where light weight members form part of the structure necessary to withstand repeated or continued high pressures.v

The operation consists in placing the com- Y plementary dies in their proper position and the work between, and thereupon throwing in the clutch J ,while the large gear K is being positively driven by the pinion L adapted to meet any sudden stress, such as in.- volved in this press due to the relatively high-speed of the fly-wheel N placed immediately adjacent the pinion vL.

V While the pillow block E and the operating barrel F provide extreme simplicity in the operating parts, in addition to the elimination of lost motionand slack, they are also located fully protected from any interferenceand from dirt from the work, or

from injury to the operators, and are still readily accessible for inspection, replacement and repair. v

W bile various modifications may befmade in details, construction and arrangement and dimensions without departing from the spirit of my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination in a power press, stress rods, a base and a fixed head held in fixed relation by said `stress rods, a movable head supported by and guided bysaid rods, a driving shaft between the base and movable head carrying an eccentrically mounted barrel adapted to raise the moving head and a pillow 4block between said eccentric barrel and the approximate side of the movable head with a bearing transverse or in a plane normal'to the axis of movement of the press head, said bearing presenting a relatively large reciprocating wearing surface with respect to the wearing surface on the eccentric barrel.

2. In a power press a fixed head and a moving head adapted to receive complementary dies, a base, stress rods holding said base and said fixed head in predetermined relation and forming guides for said movable head, a pressure-transmitting eccentrically-mounted cylindrical barrel and a power shaft to drive the same, a bearing block between the barrel and the moving head supported solely by a bearing encompassing the barrel less than 180 degrees, and a plane surface bearing on the juxtaposed side of the moving head.

3. In a power press a fixed and a movable head, a base, stress rods holding said base and fixed head against separation forming guides for said movable head, an actuating shaft in fixed position with respect to the fixed head, an eccentric attached to said shaft, a pillow block bearing on said eccentric and on the moving head and having a 'bearing surface in engagement with the movable head of greater extent than the bearing on the eccentric.

4. In a power press, an actuating shaft mounted on a base, stress rods rigidly secured to said base, a moving head above the shaft guided and supported by the stress rods, a fixed head above the movable head rigidly secured to the stress rods, an eccentric on the shaft and. a reciprocating bearing block between the eccentric and the moving head solely supported by a. bearing on the eccentric and a plane bearing longer in the direction transverse to the axis of movement of the head, engaging the underside of the moving head.

5. In a power press, stationary and movable heads, means for supporting the work under action between said heads on a central axial line of said heads, a power shaft to actuate the movable head having its axis offset to one side of the axis of the press, an eccentric mounted on said driving shaft engaging a sliding bearing block having a sliding contact with the movable head, whereby an effective average centre of reaction of the power stroke of the eccentric will coincide approximately with the centre of reaction on the work.

6. A power press comprising a horizontal fixed base, a plurality of stress rods extending upwardly from the base and a stationary head fixed to the top of said stress rods, a movable head engaging and guided by said stress rods, a shaft andeccentric between said movable head and base in proximity to the axis of the press having a hori- Zontal bearing underneath the head, a pillow block resting on top of the eccentric having a bearing engagement of less than 180 degrees of the circumference of the eccentric and having a laterally extended bearing engagement on the underside of the movable head greater than the diameter of the eccentric.

`7. A power press comprising a. horizontal fixed base, a plurality of stress rods extending upwardly from the base and a. stationary head fixed to the top of said stress rods, a movable head engaging and guided by said stress rods, a shaft and eccentric between said movable head and base in proximity to the axis of the press having al horizontal bearing underneath the head, a pillow block having a bearing engagement on the underside of the movable head and supported on an arc of said eccentric less than 180 degrees, a shaft for said eccentric and gearing to turn said shaft including a power shaft entirely below the base of said press.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this application, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this 15 day of November, 1919.

RICHARD W. FUNK.

`Witnesses:

A. A. DALE, CLEMENT DALE. 

